Which of the following does not involve the lungs?

• A. Hemoptysis
• B. Lordosis
• C. Dyspnea
• D. Silicosis

Answer: (B)

Lordosis is indeed the correct answer because it pertains to a condition of the spine rather than the lungs. Specifically, lordosis refers to an excessive inward curvature of the lumbar region of the spine. This condition affects posture and can lead to discomfort or pain in the lower back, but it does not directly involve the respiratory system.

In contrast, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and silicosis all relate specifically to lung function or respiratory issues. Hemoptysis refers to coughing up blood, which indicates a problem within the respiratory system. Dyspnea is characterized by difficulty breathing, often associated with lung conditions or diseases. Silicosis is a lung disease caused by inhaling silica dust, leading to inflammation and scarring of lung tissue. Thus, the other terms are directly linked to respiratory health, while lordosis remains a musculoskeletal issue.